List of Figures
Foreword
Preface
Copyright Acknowledgments
Section I. Perspectives on the Middle Level School: Past, Present, and Future
1. Perspectives on Middle Level Education Past and Present
What is a Middle Level School?
Forces that Led to the Establishment and Rapid Growth of the Junior High School
The Evolution of Middle Level Schools
Current Middle Level School Organization and Practice
Summary
References
2. Middle Level Schools: The Rhetoric of Today as the Foundation for Tomorrow
How Should Middle Schools be Organized?
What Do Successful Middle Level Schools Look Like?
Why Middle Level Schools Must Change
Summary
References
Section II. Restructuring the Middle Level School: Building a Knowledge Base
3. Early Adolescent Development Needs and Characteristics
Early Adolescent Needs and Characteristics: A Broad Perspective
Early Adolescent Development: Specific Components
Early Adolescent Development: Implications
Summary
References
4. Curriculum and Assessment in Responsive Middle Level Schools
Curriculum in the Middle Level School
Curriculum and Student Assessment
Summary
References
5. Responsive Middle Level Programs: Interdisciplinary Teaming, Teacher Advisories, and Student Activities
Interdisciplinary Teaming
Teacher Advisory Programs
Student Activity Programs
Summary
References
6. Programs Which Involve Parents and Community: Parent Participation and Youth Service
Parent Involvement Programs
Youth Service Programs
Summary
References
Section III. Restructuring the Middle Level School: Restructuring, Leadership, and Collaboration
7. Restructuring and Middle Level Schools
What is School Restructuring?
What are the Tasks of Restructuring?
Crucial Factors Supporting Successful Middle Level Restructuring
Summary
References
8. Collaboration and Middle Level School Restructuring
School Cultures of Isolation and of Collaboration
Collaborative Approaches--Teacher Leadership, Decision Making, and Influence
Structuring Successful Middle Level School Collaboration
Organizing Collaboration for Strategic Planning
Summary
References
Section IV. Restructuring the Middle Level School: Developing, Implementing, and Evaluating the Strategic Plan
9. Developing the Restructuring Plan
Strategic Planning
Developing a Plan for Restructuring the Middle Level School
Phase I--Developing a Foundation for Restructuring
Phase II--Developing the Strategic Long-Range Plan
Summary
References
10. Organizing Staff Development to Facilitate School Restructuring
Some Assumptions About Staff Development
Leadership and Staff Development
Phase I--Planning the Staff Development Program
Phase II--Implementing the Staff Development Program
Summary
References
11. Evaluating Middle Level Programs and Practice
Purposes and Functions of Evaluation
Middle Level School Evaluation--Four Examples
Summary
References
Section V. Restructuring the Middle Level School: Maintaining the Climate for Change
12. Responsive Middle Level Schools: The Continuing Challenge
Maintaining the Climate of Change
Summary
References
Name Index
Subject Index